Population in Mongolia
Mongolia: Population was 3.43 million people in 2023. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2023)
3.43 million people
Change on year
up 1.4%
World rank
134th
of 239 countries
All-time high
3.43 million people
in 2023
All-time low
500,000 people
in 1000
Years of data
241
1000–2023
Population in Mongolia, 1000–2023
Source: HYDE (2023); Gapminder (2022); UN WPP (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in people.
Analysis
The most recent figure for population in Mongolia is 3.43 million people, measured in 2023. That is the highest value across all 241 years on record.
The figure is up 1.4% on the previous year and up 20.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, population in Mongolia peaked at 3.43 million people in 2023 and was at its lowest, 500,000 people, in 1000.
Mongolia ranks 134th of 239 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Population in Mongolia, year by year
| Year | people | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1000 | 500,000 people | — |
| 1100 | 650,000 people | +30.0% |
| 1200 | 800,000 people | +23.1% |
| 1300 | 850,000 people | +6.2% |
| 1400 | 600,000 people | -29.4% |
| 1500 | 600,000 people | +0.0% |
| 1600 | 600,000 people | +0.0% |
| 1700 | 600,000 people | +0.0% |
| 1710 | 596,677 people | -0.6% |
| 1720 | 598,673 people | +0.3% |
| 1730 | 600,675 people | +0.3% |
| 1740 | 602,684 people | +0.3% |
| 1750 | 604,700 people | +0.3% |
| 1760 | 606,722 people | +0.3% |
| 1770 | 608,751 people | +0.3% |
| 1780 | 610,787 people | +0.3% |
| 1790 | 612,830 people | +0.3% |
| 1800 | 600,000 people | -2.1% |
| 1801 | 600,936 people | +0.2% |
| 1802 | 601,873 people | +0.2% |
| 1803 | 602,812 people | +0.2% |
| 1804 | 603,753 people | +0.2% |
| 1805 | 604,695 people | +0.2% |
| 1806 | 605,638 people | +0.2% |
| 1807 | 606,583 people | +0.2% |
| 1808 | 607,529 people | +0.2% |
| 1809 | 608,477 people | +0.2% |
| 1810 | 609,427 people | +0.2% |
| 1811 | 610,378 people | +0.2% |
| 1812 | 611,330 people | +0.2% |
| 1813 | 612,284 people | +0.2% |
| 1814 | 613,239 people | +0.2% |
| 1815 | 614,196 people | +0.2% |
| 1816 | 615,154 people | +0.2% |
| 1817 | 616,114 people | +0.2% |
| 1818 | 617,075 people | +0.2% |
| 1819 | 618,033 people | +0.2% |
| 1820 | 618,988 people | +0.2% |
| 1821 | 619,941 people | +0.2% |
| 1822 | 620,891 people | +0.2% |
| 1823 | 621,837 people | +0.2% |
| 1824 | 622,786 people | +0.2% |
| 1825 | 623,735 people | +0.2% |
| 1826 | 624,686 people | +0.2% |
| 1827 | 625,639 people | +0.2% |
| 1828 | 626,593 people | +0.2% |
| 1829 | 627,548 people | +0.2% |
| 1830 | 628,505 people | +0.2% |
| 1831 | 629,463 people | +0.2% |
| 1832 | 630,423 people | +0.2% |
| 1833 | 631,385 people | +0.2% |
| 1834 | 632,347 people | +0.2% |
| 1835 | 633,312 people | +0.2% |
| 1836 | 634,277 people | +0.2% |
| 1837 | 635,244 people | +0.2% |
| 1838 | 636,213 people | +0.2% |
| 1839 | 637,183 people | +0.2% |
| 1840 | 638,155 people | +0.2% |
| 1841 | 639,128 people | +0.2% |
| 1842 | 640,102 people | +0.2% |
| 1843 | 641,078 people | +0.2% |
| 1844 | 642,056 people | +0.2% |
| 1845 | 643,035 people | +0.2% |
| 1846 | 644,015 people | +0.2% |
| 1847 | 644,997 people | +0.2% |
| 1848 | 645,981 people | +0.2% |
| 1849 | 646,966 people | +0.2% |
| 1850 | 647,952 people | +0.2% |
| 1851 | 648,865 people | +0.1% |
| 1852 | 649,778 people | +0.1% |
| 1853 | 650,693 people | +0.1% |
| 1854 | 651,609 people | +0.1% |
| 1855 | 652,527 people | +0.1% |
| 1856 | 653,446 people | +0.1% |
| 1857 | 654,366 people | +0.1% |
| 1858 | 655,287 people | +0.1% |
| 1859 | 656,209 people | +0.1% |
| 1860 | 657,133 people | +0.1% |
| 1861 | 658,058 people | +0.1% |
| 1862 | 658,985 people | +0.1% |
| 1863 | 659,913 people | +0.1% |
| 1864 | 660,842 people | +0.1% |
| 1865 | 661,772 people | +0.1% |
| 1866 | 662,704 people | +0.1% |
| 1867 | 663,637 people | +0.1% |
| 1868 | 664,571 people | +0.1% |
| 1869 | 665,511 people | +0.1% |
| 1870 | 666,458 people | +0.1% |
| 1871 | 667,411 people | +0.1% |
| 1872 | 668,369 people | +0.1% |
| 1873 | 669,334 people | +0.1% |
| 1874 | 670,301 people | +0.1% |
| 1875 | 671,269 people | +0.1% |
| 1876 | 672,238 people | +0.1% |
| 1877 | 673,208 people | +0.1% |
| 1878 | 674,180 people | +0.1% |
| 1879 | 675,154 people | +0.1% |
| 1880 | 676,128 people | +0.1% |
| 1881 | 677,105 people | +0.1% |
| 1882 | 678,082 people | +0.1% |
| 1883 | 679,061 people | +0.1% |
| 1884 | 680,041 people | +0.1% |
| 1885 | 681,023 people | +0.1% |
| 1886 | 682,006 people | +0.1% |
| 1887 | 682,991 people | +0.1% |
| 1888 | 683,977 people | +0.1% |
| 1889 | 684,964 people | +0.1% |
| 1890 | 685,953 people | +0.1% |
| 1891 | 686,943 people | +0.1% |
| 1892 | 687,935 people | +0.1% |
| 1893 | 688,928 people | +0.1% |
| 1894 | 689,923 people | +0.1% |
| 1895 | 690,919 people | +0.1% |
| 1896 | 691,916 people | +0.1% |
| 1897 | 692,915 people | +0.1% |
| 1898 | 693,915 people | +0.1% |
| 1899 | 695,189 people | +0.2% |
| 1900 | 696,737 people | +0.2% |
| 1901 | 698,562 people | +0.3% |
| 1902 | 700,663 people | +0.3% |
| 1903 | 703,044 people | +0.3% |
| 1904 | 705,433 people | +0.3% |
| 1905 | 707,829 people | +0.3% |
| 1906 | 710,234 people | +0.3% |
| 1907 | 712,647 people | +0.3% |
| 1908 | 715,068 people | +0.3% |
| 1909 | 717,248 people | +0.3% |
| 1910 | 719,186 people | +0.3% |
| 1911 | 720,880 people | +0.2% |
| 1912 | 722,329 people | +0.2% |
| 1913 | 723,532 people | +0.2% |
| 1914 | 724,737 people | +0.2% |
| 1915 | 725,944 people | +0.2% |
| 1916 | 727,154 people | +0.2% |
| 1917 | 728,365 people | +0.2% |
| 1918 | 729,664 people | +0.2% |
| 1919 | 730,965 people | +0.2% |
| 1920 | 732,268 people | +0.2% |
| 1921 | 733,574 people | +0.2% |
| 1922 | 734,882 people | +0.2% |
| 1923 | 736,193 people | +0.2% |
| 1924 | 737,506 people | +0.2% |
| 1925 | 738,821 people | +0.2% |
| 1926 | 740,138 people | +0.2% |
| 1927 | 741,458 people | +0.2% |
| 1928 | 742,780 people | +0.2% |
| 1929 | 744,105 people | +0.2% |
| 1930 | 745,432 people | +0.2% |
| 1931 | 746,761 people | +0.2% |
| 1932 | 748,093 people | +0.2% |
| 1933 | 749,427 people | +0.2% |
| 1934 | 750,764 people | +0.2% |
| 1935 | 752,102 people | +0.2% |
| 1936 | 753,444 people | +0.2% |
| 1937 | 754,787 people | +0.2% |
| 1938 | 756,133 people | +0.2% |
| 1939 | 757,482 people | +0.2% |
| 1940 | 758,832 people | +0.2% |
| 1941 | 760,186 people | +0.2% |
| 1942 | 761,541 people | +0.2% |
| 1943 | 762,899 people | +0.2% |
| 1944 | 764,260 people | +0.2% |
| 1945 | 765,623 people | +0.2% |
| 1946 | 766,988 people | +0.2% |
| 1947 | 768,356 people | +0.2% |
| 1948 | 769,726 people | +0.2% |
| 1949 | 774,006 people | +0.6% |
| 1950 | 781,691 people | +1.0% |
| 1951 | 794,329 people | +1.6% |
| 1952 | 807,093 people | +1.6% |
| 1953 | 820,278 people | +1.6% |
| 1954 | 834,023 people | +1.7% |
| 1955 | 848,687 people | +1.8% |
| 1956 | 868,487 people | +2.3% |
| 1957 | 893,240 people | +2.9% |
| 1958 | 919,297 people | +2.9% |
| 1959 | 947,419 people | +3.1% |
| 1960 | 977,602 people | +3.2% |
| 1961 | 1.01 million people | +3.2% |
| 1962 | 1.04 million people | +3.2% |
| 1963 | 1.07 million people | +2.9% |
| 1964 | 1.10 million people | +2.7% |
| 1965 | 1.13 million people | +2.8% |
| 1966 | 1.16 million people | +2.9% |
| 1967 | 1.20 million people | +2.9% |
| 1968 | 1.23 million people | +2.8% |
| 1969 | 1.26 million people | +2.6% |
| 1970 | 1.30 million people | +2.6% |
| 1971 | 1.33 million people | +2.7% |
| 1972 | 1.37 million people | +2.8% |
| 1973 | 1.41 million people | +2.8% |
| 1974 | 1.45 million people | +2.9% |
| 1975 | 1.49 million people | +2.9% |
| 1976 | 1.53 million people | +2.9% |
| 1977 | 1.58 million people | +2.9% |
| 1978 | 1.62 million people | +2.7% |
| 1979 | 1.66 million people | +2.5% |
| 1980 | 1.70 million people | +2.4% |
| 1981 | 1.74 million people | +2.4% |
| 1982 | 1.79 million people | +2.4% |
| 1983 | 1.83 million people | +2.4% |
| 1984 | 1.87 million people | +2.5% |
| 1985 | 1.92 million people | +2.5% |
| 1986 | 1.97 million people | +2.6% |
| 1987 | 2.02 million people | +2.6% |
| 1988 | 2.08 million people | +2.6% |
| 1989 | 2.12 million people | +2.3% |
| 1990 | 2.16 million people | +1.9% |
| 1991 | 2.20 million people | +1.8% |
| 1992 | 2.24 million people | +1.7% |
| 1993 | 2.27 million people | +1.5% |
| 1994 | 2.31 million people | +1.4% |
| 1995 | 2.34 million people | +1.3% |
| 1996 | 2.36 million people | +1.2% |
| 1997 | 2.39 million people | +1.1% |
| 1998 | 2.41 million people | +1.0% |
| 1999 | 2.43 million people | +0.9% |
| 2000 | 2.46 million people | +0.9% |
| 2001 | 2.48 million people | +0.9% |
| 2002 | 2.50 million people | +0.9% |
| 2003 | 2.52 million people | +0.9% |
| 2004 | 2.54 million people | +0.8% |
| 2005 | 2.56 million people | +0.8% |
| 2006 | 2.58 million people | +0.8% |
| 2007 | 2.61 million people | +0.9% |
| 2008 | 2.63 million people | +1.0% |
| 2009 | 2.67 million people | +1.2% |
| 2010 | 2.70 million people | +1.4% |
| 2011 | 2.75 million people | +1.6% |
| 2012 | 2.80 million people | +1.8% |
| 2013 | 2.85 million people | +2.0% |
| 2014 | 2.91 million people | +2.1% |
| 2015 | 2.98 million people | +2.2% |
| 2016 | 3.04 million people | +2.2% |
| 2017 | 3.10 million people | +2.1% |
| 2018 | 3.17 million people | +2.0% |
| 2019 | 3.23 million people | +2.0% |
| 2020 | 3.29 million people | +1.8% |
| 2021 | 3.34 million people | +1.5% |
| 2022 | 3.39 million people | +1.4% |
| 2023 | 3.43 million people | +1.4% |
Mongolia compared with similar countries
- Mongolia's 3.43 million people is below the median for upper middle income countries, which is 6.81 million people, 50% of the median. (58 countries reporting)
- Mongolia's 3.43 million people is above the median for East Asia & Pacific, which is 1.38 million people, 2.5× the median. (37 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Population in Mongolia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1100 | +30.0% | 500,000 people | 650,000 people |
| 1400 | -29.4% | 850,000 people | 600,000 people |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1000s | 500,000 people | 500,000 people | 500,000 people | 1 |
| 1100s | 650,000 people | 650,000 people | 650,000 people | 1 |
| 1200s | 800,000 people | 800,000 people | 800,000 people | 1 |
| 1300s | 850,000 people | 850,000 people | 850,000 people | 1 |
| 1400s | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 1 |
| 1500s | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 1 |
| 1600s | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 1 |
| 1700s | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 600,000 people | 1 |
| 1710s | 596,677 people | 596,677 people | 596,677 people | 1 |
| 1720s | 598,673 people | 598,673 people | 598,673 people | 1 |
| 1730s | 600,675 people | 600,675 people | 600,675 people | 1 |
| 1740s | 602,684 people | 602,684 people | 602,684 people | 1 |
| 1750s | 604,700 people | 604,700 people | 604,700 people | 1 |
| 1760s | 606,722 people | 606,722 people | 606,722 people | 1 |
| 1770s | 608,751 people | 608,751 people | 608,751 people | 1 |
| 1780s | 610,787 people | 610,787 people | 610,787 people | 1 |
| 1790s | 612,830 people | 612,830 people | 612,830 people | 1 |
| 1800s | 604,230 people | 600,000 people | 608,477 people | 10 |
| 1810s | 613,723 people | 609,427 people | 618,033 people | 10 |
| 1820s | 623,264 people | 618,988 people | 627,548 people | 10 |
| 1830s | 632,835 people | 628,505 people | 637,183 people | 10 |
| 1840s | 642,551 people | 638,155 people | 646,966 people | 10 |
| 1850s | 652,073 people | 647,952 people | 656,209 people | 10 |
| 1860s | 661,313 people | 657,133 people | 665,511 people | 10 |
| 1870s | 670,792 people | 666,458 people | 675,154 people | 10 |
| 1880s | 680,538 people | 676,128 people | 684,964 people | 10 |
| 1890s | 690,454 people | 685,953 people | 695,189 people | 10 |
| 1900s | 706,746 people | 696,737 people | 717,248 people | 10 |
| 1910s | 725,276 people | 719,186 people | 730,965 people | 10 |
| 1920s | 738,172 people | 732,268 people | 744,105 people | 10 |
| 1930s | 751,442 people | 745,432 people | 757,482 people | 10 |
| 1940s | 765,242 people | 758,832 people | 774,006 people | 10 |
| 1950s | 851,454 people | 781,691 people | 947,419 people | 10 |
| 1960s | 1.12 million people | 977,602 people | 1.26 million people | 10 |
| 1970s | 1.47 million people | 1.30 million people | 1.66 million people | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.90 million people | 1.70 million people | 2.12 million people | 10 |
| 1990s | 2.31 million people | 2.16 million people | 2.43 million people | 10 |
| 2000s | 2.56 million people | 2.46 million people | 2.67 million people | 10 |
| 2010s | 2.95 million people | 2.70 million people | 3.23 million people | 10 |
| 2020s | 3.36 million people | 3.29 million people | 3.43 million people | 4 |
Countries ranked near Mongolia
More population data for Mongolia
- Population regions with projections, annual growth rate 0.1039 % change on previous year (2100)
- Urban and rural population 2050, annual growth rate 0.7782 % change on previous year (2050)
- Population long run with projections, annual growth rate 0.1039 % change on previous year (2100)
- Un population 2024 vs 2022, annual growth rate -0.016 % change on previous year (2100)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 05 - Demographic estimates 4,519 Persons (2050)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 03 - Annual population 1.02 Percent per annum (2030)
- Projected population under age 5, annual growth rate -0.0708 % change on previous year (2100)
- World population growth 0.1% (2100)
- Population density 3.54 people per km² (2100)
- Number of children under 5, by world region 297,893 people (2100)
Frequently asked questions
- What is population in Mongolia?
- Population in Mongolia was 3.43 million people in 2023, according to HYDE (2023); Gapminder (2022); UN WPP (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest population recorded in Mongolia?
- The highest recorded value was 3.43 million people in 2023.
- What is the lowest population recorded in Mongolia?
- The lowest recorded value was 500,000 people in 1000.
- How does Mongolia rank for population?
- Mongolia ranks 134th out of 239 countries with data for 2023.
- Is population rising or falling in Mongolia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 20.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Mongolia data come from?
- The figures come from HYDE (2023); Gapminder (2022); UN WPP (2024) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Population. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 241 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Population by country, available from 10,000 BCE to 2023, based on data and estimates from different sources.