China vs India: Population by age group

China

58.04 million people

in 2023

India

114.67 million people

in 2023

China rank

2nd

India rank

1st

Population by age group over time

India currently reports 114.67 million people against 58.04 million people in China, a difference of 56.62 million people.

That makes India's figure about 2.0 times China's.

The two have swapped places 3 times across 74 shared years of data; in 1950 it was China ahead.

China ranks 2nd and India ranks 1st of 236 countries.

Indicator: Population by age group
Unit: people
Source: UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence: CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage: 236 places, 17,464 data points, 1950–2023
Last refreshed: 07 August 2026

The total population, measured on 1 July of the year shown. This only includes people aged 0-4.