Graduates at doctoral level by sex and age groups - per 1000 of population aged 25-34 by country
Countries reporting
45
Highest
4 Per thousand inhabitants
Switzerland
Lowest
0.3 Per thousand inhabitants
Montenegro
Median
1.8 Per thousand inhabitants
Years covered
12
2013–2024
Data points
537
What the numbers show
Graduates at doctoral level by sex and age groups - per 1000 of population aged 25-34 is currently reported for 45 countries. The highest value is 4 Per thousand inhabitants in Switzerland; the lowest is 0.3 Per thousand inhabitants in Montenegro.
The median across all reporting countries is 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants, and the mean is 1.92 Per thousand inhabitants.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 13.
Over the past decade 31 countries rose and 12 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 433.3%), and the largest decrease in Slovenia (down 31.4%).
Graduates at doctoral level by sex and age groups - per 1000 of: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | 4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 2 | Liechtenstein | 3.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2022 | up 42.3% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 3.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2019 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | 3.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2019 | up 10.0% | rising |
| 5 | Denmark | 2.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 12.5% | falling |
| 6 | Germany | 2.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 3.6% | falling |
| 7 | Czechia | 2.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 52.9% | rising |
| 7 | Finland | 2.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 10.3% | falling |
| 9 | Slovenia | 2.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 31.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Slovenia | 2.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 31.4% | volatile |
| 9 | Norway | 2.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 14.3% | flat |
| 12 | Netherlands | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 4.5% | flat |
| 12 | Portugal | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 15.0% | rising |
| 12 | Netherlands | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 4.5% | flat |
| 12 | Belgium | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 12 | Ireland | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 8.0% | rising |
| 12 | Spain | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 27.8% | rising |
| 12 | Greece | 2.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 109.1% | rising |
| 19 | Sweden | 2.2 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 24.1% | falling |
| 20 | Austria | 2 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 21 | France | 1.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 11.8% | rising |
| 22 | Slovakia | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 28.0% | falling |
| 22 | Slovakia | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 28.0% | falling |
| 22 | Bulgaria | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 28.6% | rising |
| 22 | Croatia | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 22 | Luxembourg | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 80.0% | rising |
| 22 | Croatia | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 20.0% | rising |
| 28 | Hungary | 1.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 88.9% | rising |
| 29 | Italy | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 6.7% | flat |
| 29 | Iceland | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 15.8% | rising |
| 29 | Malta | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 433.3% | volatile |
| 29 | Estonia | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 45.5% | rising |
| 29 | Estonia | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 45.5% | rising |
| 34 | Romania | 1.5 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 7.1% | falling |
| 35 | Türkiye | 1.1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 175.0% | rising |
| 35 | Latvia | 1.1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 22.2% | falling |
| 35 | Latvia | 1.1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 22.2% | falling |
| 35 | Cyprus | 1.1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 175.0% | rising |
| 39 | Lithuania | 1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 39 | Serbia | 1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 25.0% | falling |
| 39 | Lithuania | 1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 9.1% | falling |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 43 | Poland | 0.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 43 | Poland | 0.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 33.3% | rising |
| 45 | Montenegro | 0.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 2 Per thousand inhabitants
- European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020) 2 Per thousand inhabitants