Graduates at doctoral level, in science, math., computing, engineering, manufacturing, construction, by sex - per 1000 of population aged 25-34 by country
Countries reporting
44
Highest
1.8 Per thousand inhabitants
Switzerland
Lowest
0 Per thousand inhabitants
Liechtenstein
Median
0.85 Per thousand inhabitants
Years covered
12
2013–2024
Data points
518
What the numbers show
Graduates at doctoral level, in science, math., computing, engineering, manufacturing, construction, by sex - per 1000 of population aged 25-34 is currently reported for 44 countries. The highest value is 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants in Switzerland; the lowest is 0 Per thousand inhabitants in Liechtenstein.
The median across all reporting countries is 0.85 Per thousand inhabitants, and the mean is 0.7932 Per thousand inhabitants.
Over the past decade 24 countries rose and 9 fell. The largest increase was in Türkiye (up 300.0%), and the largest decrease in Liechtenstein (down 100.0%).
Graduates at doctoral level, in science, math., computing: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Switzerland | 1.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 12.5% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2019 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 1.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2019 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 4 | Czechia | 1.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 62.5% | rising |
| 4 | Denmark | 1.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 4 | France | 1.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 30.0% | rising |
| 7 | Germany | 1.2 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 7 | Finland | 1.2 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 9 | Sweden | 1.1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 26.7% | falling |
| 9 | Luxembourg | 1.1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 120.0% | rising |
| 11 | Belgium | 1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 11 | Norway | 1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 25.0% | flat |
| 11 | Austria | 1 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 11.1% | flat |
| 14 | Ireland | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 10.0% | flat |
| 14 | Italy | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 28.6% | rising |
| 14 | Slovenia | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 35.7% | volatile |
| 14 | Slovenia | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 35.7% | volatile |
| 14 | Greece | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 125.0% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 12.5% | flat |
| 14 | Estonia | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 14 | Spain | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 12.5% | falling |
| 14 | Estonia | 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 23 | Iceland | 0.8 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 14.3% | rising |
| 24 | Slovakia | 0.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 24 | Netherlands | 0.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 24 | Netherlands | 0.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | flat |
| 24 | Slovakia | 0.7 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 30.0% | falling |
| 28 | Croatia | 0.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | rising |
| 28 | Hungary | 0.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 100.0% | rising |
| 28 | Croatia | 0.6 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | rising |
| 31 | Romania | 0.5 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 31 | Bulgaria | 0.5 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 31 | Latvia | 0.5 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 31 | Latvia | 0.5 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 25.0% | rising |
| 35 | Serbia | 0.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 33.3% | falling |
| 35 | Türkiye | 0.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 300.0% | rising |
| 35 | Lithuania | 0.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 20.0% | flat |
| 35 | Lithuania | 0.4 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | down 20.0% | flat |
| 39 | Poland | 0.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 39 | Cyprus | 0.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 39 | Poland | 0.3 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | up 50.0% | rising |
| 42 | Malta | 0.2 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | rising |
| 42 | North Macedonia | 0.2 Per thousand inhabitants | 2024 | unchanged | falling |
| 44 | Liechtenstein | 0 Per thousand inhabitants | 2022 | down 100.0% | volatile |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 1 Per thousand inhabitants
- European Union - 28 countries (2013-2020) 0.9 Per thousand inhabitants