Total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain
Spain: Total fertility rate: births per woman was 1.12 births per woman in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
1.12 births per woman
Change on year
down 3.4%
World rank
32nd
of 34 countries
All-time high
4.1 births per woman
in 1922
All-time low
1.12 births per woman
in 2023
Years of data
102
1922–2023
Total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain, 1922–2023
Source: Human Fertility Database (2025) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in births per woman.
Analysis
Spain recorded 1.12 births per woman for total fertility rate: births per woman in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 102 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 3.4% on the previous year and down 12.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain peaked at 4.1 births per woman in 1922 and was at its lowest, 1.12 births per woman, in 2023.
That places Spain 32nd out of 34 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 102 years of available data.
Total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain, year by year
| Year | births per woman | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1922 | 4.1 births per woman | — |
| 1923 | 4.1 births per woman | -0.0% |
| 1924 | 4 births per woman | -2.2% |
| 1925 | 3.88 births per woman | -3.0% |
| 1926 | 3.93 births per woman | +1.2% |
| 1927 | 3.73 births per woman | -5.1% |
| 1928 | 3.84 births per woman | +3.0% |
| 1929 | 3.72 births per woman | -3.3% |
| 1930 | 3.69 births per woman | -0.6% |
| 1931 | 3.56 births per woman | -3.5% |
| 1932 | 3.63 births per woman | +1.7% |
| 1933 | 3.57 births per woman | -1.5% |
| 1934 | 3.36 births per woman | -5.8% |
| 1935 | 3.29 births per woman | -2.3% |
| 1936 | 3.14 births per woman | -4.4% |
| 1937 | 2.86 births per woman | -9.0% |
| 1938 | 2.55 births per woman | -10.8% |
| 1939 | 2.12 births per woman | -16.9% |
| 1940 | 3.07 births per woman | +44.8% |
| 1941 | 2.46 births per woman | -20.0% |
| 1942 | 2.52 births per woman | +2.7% |
| 1943 | 2.86 births per woman | +13.5% |
| 1944 | 2.82 births per woman | -1.4% |
| 1945 | 2.89 births per woman | +2.4% |
| 1946 | 2.69 births per woman | -7.0% |
| 1947 | 2.66 births per woman | -0.9% |
| 1948 | 2.88 births per woman | +8.0% |
| 1949 | 2.67 births per woman | -7.3% |
| 1950 | 2.47 births per woman | -7.2% |
| 1951 | 2.46 births per woman | -0.7% |
| 1952 | 2.54 births per woman | +3.7% |
| 1953 | 2.5 births per woman | -1.6% |
| 1954 | 2.44 births per woman | -2.7% |
| 1955 | 2.51 births per woman | +3.0% |
| 1956 | 2.53 births per woman | +0.9% |
| 1957 | 2.69 births per woman | +6.1% |
| 1958 | 2.72 births per woman | +1.1% |
| 1959 | 2.73 births per woman | +0.6% |
| 1960 | 2.79 births per woman | +2.2% |
| 1961 | 2.77 births per woman | -0.8% |
| 1962 | 2.81 births per woman | +1.4% |
| 1963 | 2.88 births per woman | +2.6% |
| 1964 | 3.02 births per woman | +4.7% |
| 1965 | 2.94 births per woman | -2.5% |
| 1966 | 2.93 births per woman | -0.4% |
| 1967 | 2.99 births per woman | +2.0% |
| 1968 | 2.93 births per woman | -1.9% |
| 1969 | 2.92 births per woman | -0.3% |
| 1970 | 2.9 births per woman | -0.8% |
| 1971 | 2.92 births per woman | +0.5% |
| 1972 | 2.89 births per woman | -1.0% |
| 1973 | 2.86 births per woman | -1.0% |
| 1974 | 2.9 births per woman | +1.3% |
| 1975 | 2.77 births per woman | -4.5% |
| 1976 | 2.77 births per woman | +0.2% |
| 1977 | 2.65 births per woman | -4.2% |
| 1978 | 2.54 births per woman | -4.2% |
| 1979 | 2.37 births per woman | -6.8% |
| 1980 | 2.22 births per woman | -6.5% |
| 1981 | 2.04 births per woman | -8.0% |
| 1982 | 1.94 births per woman | -4.7% |
| 1983 | 1.8 births per woman | -7.4% |
| 1984 | 1.73 births per woman | -4.0% |
| 1985 | 1.64 births per woman | -5.0% |
| 1986 | 1.56 births per woman | -5.1% |
| 1987 | 1.49 births per woman | -4.0% |
| 1988 | 1.45 births per woman | -3.1% |
| 1989 | 1.4 births per woman | -3.5% |
| 1990 | 1.36 births per woman | -2.6% |
| 1991 | 1.33 births per woman | -2.5% |
| 1992 | 1.31 births per woman | -1.2% |
| 1993 | 1.26 births per woman | -4.1% |
| 1994 | 1.19 births per woman | -5.5% |
| 1995 | 1.15 births per woman | -2.9% |
| 1996 | 1.14 births per woman | -1.5% |
| 1997 | 1.15 births per woman | +0.8% |
| 1998 | 1.12 births per woman | -1.9% |
| 1999 | 1.16 births per woman | +3.3% |
| 2000 | 1.21 births per woman | +4.0% |
| 2001 | 1.23 births per woman | +1.9% |
| 2002 | 1.25 births per woman | +1.8% |
| 2003 | 1.3 births per woman | +3.5% |
| 2004 | 1.31 births per woman | +1.3% |
| 2005 | 1.33 births per woman | +1.2% |
| 2006 | 1.36 births per woman | +2.5% |
| 2007 | 1.38 births per woman | +1.1% |
| 2008 | 1.45 births per woman | +5.0% |
| 2009 | 1.38 births per woman | -4.6% |
| 2010 | 1.37 births per woman | -0.7% |
| 2011 | 1.34 births per woman | -2.0% |
| 2012 | 1.32 births per woman | -1.6% |
| 2013 | 1.27 births per woman | -3.6% |
| 2014 | 1.32 births per woman | +3.5% |
| 2015 | 1.33 births per woman | +1.0% |
| 2016 | 1.33 births per woman | +0.2% |
| 2017 | 1.31 births per woman | -2.1% |
| 2018 | 1.26 births per woman | -3.8% |
| 2019 | 1.23 births per woman | -2.2% |
| 2020 | 1.18 births per woman | -4.0% |
| 2021 | 1.18 births per woman | +0.1% |
| 2022 | 1.16 births per woman | -1.9% |
| 2023 | 1.12 births per woman | -3.4% |
Spain compared with similar countries
- Spain's 1.12 births per woman is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.48 births per woman, 75% of the median. (28 countries reporting)
- Spain's 1.12 births per woman is below the median for high income countries, which is 1.48 births per woman, 76% of the median. (31 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1940 | +44.8% | 2.12 births per woman | 3.07 births per woman |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1920s | 3.91 births per woman | 3.72 births per woman | 4.1 births per woman | 8 |
| 1930s | 3.18 births per woman | 2.12 births per woman | 3.69 births per woman | 10 |
| 1940s | 2.75 births per woman | 2.46 births per woman | 3.07 births per woman | 10 |
| 1950s | 2.56 births per woman | 2.44 births per woman | 2.73 births per woman | 10 |
| 1960s | 2.9 births per woman | 2.77 births per woman | 3.02 births per woman | 10 |
| 1970s | 2.76 births per woman | 2.37 births per woman | 2.92 births per woman | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.73 births per woman | 1.4 births per woman | 2.22 births per woman | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.22 births per woman | 1.12 births per woman | 1.36 births per woman | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.32 births per woman | 1.21 births per woman | 1.45 births per woman | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.31 births per woman | 1.23 births per woman | 1.37 births per woman | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.16 births per woman | 1.12 births per woman | 1.18 births per woman | 4 |
Countries ranked near Spain
More population data for Spain
- Un population 2024 vs 2022, annual growth rate -0.6358 % change on previous year (2100)
- Population long run with projections, annual growth rate -0.527 % change on previous year (2100)
- Urban and rural population 2050, annual growth rate -4.98 % change on previous year (2050)
- Population regions with projections, annual growth rate -0.527 % change on previous year (2100)
- Population growth rate, by level of development -0.5% (2100)
- Number of children under 5, by world region 1.24 million people (2100)
- Population density 66.29 people per km² (2100)
- World population growth -0.5% (2100)
- Projected population under age 5, annual growth rate -0.2658 % change on previous year (2100)
- Africa's Development Dynamics (AfDD) Table 03 - Annual population -0.1636 Percent per annum (2030)
Frequently asked questions
- What is total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain?
- Total fertility rate: births per woman in Spain was 1.12 births per woman in 2023, according to Human Fertility Database (2025) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest total fertility rate: births per woman recorded in Spain?
- The highest recorded value was 4.1 births per woman in 1922.
- What is the lowest total fertility rate: births per woman recorded in Spain?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.12 births per woman in 2023.
- How does Spain rank for total fertility rate: births per woman?
- Spain ranks 32nd out of 34 countries with data for 2023.
- Is total fertility rate: births per woman rising or falling in Spain?
- Over the last ten years it is down 12.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Spain data come from?
- The figures come from Human Fertility Database (2025) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Total fertility rate: births per woman. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 102 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime if she experienced the fertility rates of a specific year.