Population on 1 January by age, sex and broad group of citizenship by country
Countries reporting
42
Highest
83.58 million
Germany
Lowest
40,886
Liechtenstein
Median
5.81 million
Years covered
28
1998–2025
Data points
1,056
What the numbers show
Population on 1 January by age, sex and broad group of citizenship is currently reported for 42 countries. The highest value is 83.58 million in Germany; the lowest is 40,886 in Liechtenstein.
The median across all reporting countries is 5.81 million, and the mean is 16.04 million.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2,044.
Over the past decade 26 countries rose and 16 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 30.9%), and the largest decrease in Moldova (down 16.1%).
Population on 1 January by age, sex and broad group of citizenship: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 83.58 million | 2025 | up 2.9% | flat |
| 2 | France | 68.88 million | 2025 | up 3.6% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 66.65 million | 2019 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 3 | United Kingdom | 66.65 million | 2019 | up 7.4% | rising |
| 5 | Italy | 58.94 million | 2025 | down 2.2% | flat |
| 6 | Spain | 49.13 million | 2025 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 7 | Poland | 36.50 million | 2025 | down 4.0% | flat |
| 7 | Poland | 36.50 million | 2025 | down 4.0% | flat |
| 9 | Romania | 19.04 million | 2025 | down 4.2% | falling |
| 10 | Netherlands | 18.04 million | 2025 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 10 | Netherlands | 18.04 million | 2025 | up 6.8% | rising |
| 12 | Belgium | 11.88 million | 2025 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 13 | Czechia | 10.91 million | 2025 | up 3.5% | rising |
| 14 | Portugal | 10.75 million | 2025 | up 3.4% | flat |
| 15 | Sweden | 10.59 million | 2025 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 16 | Greece | 10.37 million | 2025 | down 4.1% | falling |
| 17 | Hungary | 9.54 million | 2025 | down 2.8% | falling |
| 18 | Austria | 9.20 million | 2025 | up 7.1% | rising |
| 19 | Switzerland | 9.05 million | 2025 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 20 | Bulgaria | 6.44 million | 2025 | down 8.4% | falling |
| 21 | Denmark | 5.99 million | 2025 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 22 | Finland | 5.64 million | 2025 | up 3.0% | rising |
| 23 | Norway | 5.59 million | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 24 | Ireland | 5.44 million | 2025 | up 16.3% | rising |
| 25 | Slovakia | 5.42 million | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 25 | Slovakia | 5.42 million | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 27 | Croatia | 3.87 million | 2025 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 27 | Croatia | 3.87 million | 2025 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 29 | Lithuania | 2.89 million | 2025 | down 1.2% | falling |
| 29 | Lithuania | 2.89 million | 2025 | down 1.2% | falling |
| 31 | Moldova | 2.39 million | 2025 | down 16.1% | falling |
| 32 | Slovenia | 2.13 million | 2025 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 32 | Slovenia | 2.13 million | 2025 | up 3.3% | rising |
| 34 | Latvia | 1.86 million | 2025 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 34 | Latvia | 1.86 million | 2025 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 36 | Estonia | 1.37 million | 2025 | up 4.3% | flat |
| 36 | Estonia | 1.37 million | 2025 | up 4.3% | flat |
| 38 | Cyprus | 982,966 | 2025 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 39 | Luxembourg | 681,973 | 2025 | up 21.1% | rising |
| 40 | Malta | 574,250 | 2025 | up 30.9% | rising |
| 41 | Iceland | 389,444 | 2025 | up 18.3% | rising |
| 42 | Liechtenstein | 40,886 | 2025 | up 9.4% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 450.65 million