Birth rate in Estonia
Estonia: Birth rate was 8.07 births per 1,000 people in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
8.07 births per 1,000 people
Change on year
down 5.1%
World rank
210th
of 236 countries
All-time high
18.59 births per 1,000 people
in 1952
All-time low
8.07 births per 1,000 people
in 2023
Years of data
74
1950–2023
Birth rate in Estonia, 1950–2023
Source: Human Mortality Database (2025); UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in births per 1,000 people.
Analysis
The most recent figure for birth rate in Estonia is 8.07 births per 1,000 people, measured in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 74 years on record.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 5.1% on the previous year and down 21.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, birth rate in Estonia peaked at 18.59 births per 1,000 people in 1952 and was at its lowest, 8.07 births per 1,000 people, in 2023.
That places Estonia 210th out of 236 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 74 years of available data.
Birth rate in Estonia, year by year
| Year | births per 1,000 people | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1950 | 18.28 births per 1,000 people | — |
| 1951 | 18.5 births per 1,000 people | +1.2% |
| 1952 | 18.59 births per 1,000 people | +0.5% |
| 1953 | 17.69 births per 1,000 people | -4.9% |
| 1954 | 18.07 births per 1,000 people | +2.1% |
| 1955 | 17.76 births per 1,000 people | -1.7% |
| 1956 | 16.72 births per 1,000 people | -5.9% |
| 1957 | 16.41 births per 1,000 people | -1.9% |
| 1958 | 16.42 births per 1,000 people | +0.0% |
| 1959 | 16.54 births per 1,000 people | +0.7% |
| 1960 | 16.54 births per 1,000 people | +0.0% |
| 1961 | 16.35 births per 1,000 people | -1.2% |
| 1962 | 15.84 births per 1,000 people | -3.1% |
| 1963 | 15.14 births per 1,000 people | -4.4% |
| 1964 | 15.13 births per 1,000 people | -0.0% |
| 1965 | 14.43 births per 1,000 people | -4.7% |
| 1966 | 14.07 births per 1,000 people | -2.5% |
| 1967 | 14.01 births per 1,000 people | -0.5% |
| 1968 | 14.7 births per 1,000 people | +4.9% |
| 1969 | 15.3 births per 1,000 people | +4.1% |
| 1970 | 15.63 births per 1,000 people | +2.1% |
| 1971 | 15.79 births per 1,000 people | +1.0% |
| 1972 | 15.41 births per 1,000 people | -2.4% |
| 1973 | 14.97 births per 1,000 people | -2.9% |
| 1974 | 15.03 births per 1,000 people | +0.4% |
| 1975 | 14.88 births per 1,000 people | -1.0% |
| 1976 | 15.08 births per 1,000 people | +1.3% |
| 1977 | 15.13 births per 1,000 people | +0.4% |
| 1978 | 14.9 births per 1,000 people | -1.5% |
| 1979 | 14.84 births per 1,000 people | -0.4% |
| 1980 | 14.92 births per 1,000 people | +0.5% |
| 1981 | 15.28 births per 1,000 people | +2.4% |
| 1982 | 15.33 births per 1,000 people | +0.3% |
| 1983 | 15.86 births per 1,000 people | +3.5% |
| 1984 | 15.85 births per 1,000 people | -0.1% |
| 1985 | 15.39 births per 1,000 people | -2.9% |
| 1986 | 15.58 births per 1,000 people | +1.3% |
| 1987 | 16.07 births per 1,000 people | +3.1% |
| 1988 | 15.94 births per 1,000 people | -0.8% |
| 1989 | 15.43 births per 1,000 people | -3.2% |
| 1990 | 14.15 births per 1,000 people | -8.3% |
| 1991 | 12.45 births per 1,000 people | -12.0% |
| 1992 | 11.79 births per 1,000 people | -5.3% |
| 1993 | 10.27 births per 1,000 people | -12.9% |
| 1994 | 9.68 births per 1,000 people | -5.7% |
| 1995 | 9.36 births per 1,000 people | -3.3% |
| 1996 | 9.27 births per 1,000 people | -1.0% |
| 1997 | 8.87 births per 1,000 people | -4.3% |
| 1998 | 8.65 births per 1,000 people | -2.5% |
| 1999 | 8.79 births per 1,000 people | +1.7% |
| 2000 | 9.31 births per 1,000 people | +5.9% |
| 2001 | 9.11 births per 1,000 people | -2.1% |
| 2002 | 9.4 births per 1,000 people | +3.2% |
| 2003 | 9.52 births per 1,000 people | +1.2% |
| 2004 | 10.24 births per 1,000 people | +7.6% |
| 2005 | 10.61 births per 1,000 people | +3.6% |
| 2006 | 11.08 births per 1,000 people | +4.4% |
| 2007 | 11.78 births per 1,000 people | +6.3% |
| 2008 | 12 births per 1,000 people | +1.9% |
| 2009 | 11.84 births per 1,000 people | -1.4% |
| 2010 | 11.88 births per 1,000 people | +0.4% |
| 2011 | 11.11 births per 1,000 people | -6.5% |
| 2012 | 10.66 births per 1,000 people | -4.1% |
| 2013 | 10.31 births per 1,000 people | -3.3% |
| 2014 | 10.35 births per 1,000 people | +0.4% |
| 2015 | 10.51 births per 1,000 people | +1.6% |
| 2016 | 10.66 births per 1,000 people | +1.4% |
| 2017 | 10.48 births per 1,000 people | -1.7% |
| 2018 | 10.82 births per 1,000 people | +3.3% |
| 2019 | 10.61 births per 1,000 people | -2.0% |
| 2020 | 9.95 births per 1,000 people | -6.2% |
| 2021 | 9.85 births per 1,000 people | -1.0% |
| 2022 | 8.5 births per 1,000 people | -13.7% |
| 2023 | 8.07 births per 1,000 people | -5.1% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 8.07 births per 1,000 people is below the median for high income countries, which is 9.6 births per 1,000 people, 84% of the median. (85 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 8.07 births per 1,000 people is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 9.31 births per 1,000 people, 87% of the median. (56 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s | 17.5 births per 1,000 people | 16.41 births per 1,000 people | 18.59 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 1960s | 15.15 births per 1,000 people | 14.01 births per 1,000 people | 16.54 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 1970s | 15.17 births per 1,000 people | 14.84 births per 1,000 people | 15.79 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 1980s | 15.56 births per 1,000 people | 14.92 births per 1,000 people | 16.07 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 1990s | 10.33 births per 1,000 people | 8.65 births per 1,000 people | 14.15 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 2000s | 10.49 births per 1,000 people | 9.11 births per 1,000 people | 12 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 2010s | 10.74 births per 1,000 people | 10.31 births per 1,000 people | 11.88 births per 1,000 people | 10 |
| 2020s | 9.09 births per 1,000 people | 8.07 births per 1,000 people | 9.95 births per 1,000 people | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More population data for Estonia
- Population regions with projections, annual growth rate -0.6697 % change on previous year (2100)
- Urban and rural population 2050, annual growth rate -0.5636 % change on previous year (2050)
- Population long run with projections, annual growth rate -0.6697 % change on previous year (2100)
- Un population 2024 vs 2022, annual growth rate -0.6551 % change on previous year (2100)
- Projected population under age 5, annual growth rate -0.3052 % change on previous year (2100)
- World population growth -0.7% (2100)
- Population density 19.31 people per km² (2100)
- Number of children under 5, by world region 30,706 people (2100)
- Population growth rate, by level of development -0.7% (2100)
- Number of people living in urban and rural areas, annual growth rate -1.17 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is birth rate in Estonia?
- Birth rate in Estonia was 8.07 births per 1,000 people in 2023, according to Human Mortality Database (2025); UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest birth rate recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 18.59 births per 1,000 people in 1952.
- What is the lowest birth rate recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 8.07 births per 1,000 people in 2023.
- How does Estonia rank for birth rate?
- Estonia ranks 210th out of 236 countries with data for 2023.
- Is birth rate rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 21.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from Human Mortality Database (2025); UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Birth rate. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 74 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Total number of births per 1,000 people in a given year.