Net migration (UNICEF) in Estonia
Estonia: Net migration was -13,350 in 2025. ◆ Volatile
Latest (2025)
-13,350
Change on year
down 72.4%
World rank
53rd
of 74 countries
All-time high
39,754
in 2022
All-time low
-38,391
in 1992
Years of data
66
1960–2025
Net migration in Estonia, 1960–2025
Source: UNICEF.
Analysis
Estonia recorded -13,350 for net migration in 2025.
That represents a change of down 72.4% on the previous year and down 413.3% over ten years.
Over the whole period, net migration in Estonia peaked at 39,754 in 2022 and was at its lowest, -38,391, in 1992.
Estonia ranks 53rd of 74 countries on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The series is highly variable year to year, so single readings are best treated with caution.
Net migration in Estonia, year by year
| Year | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1960 | 7,762 | — |
| 1961 | 7,991 | +3.0% |
| 1962 | 8,248 | +3.2% |
| 1963 | 8,410 | +2.0% |
| 1964 | 8,734 | +3.9% |
| 1965 | 8,851 | +1.3% |
| 1966 | 8,998 | +1.7% |
| 1967 | 9,115 | +1.3% |
| 1968 | 9,403 | +3.2% |
| 1969 | 8,650 | -8.0% |
| 1970 | 6,158 | -28.8% |
| 1971 | 6,392 | +3.8% |
| 1972 | 6,432 | +0.6% |
| 1973 | 6,488 | +0.9% |
| 1974 | 6,594 | +1.6% |
| 1975 | 6,737 | +2.2% |
| 1976 | 6,942 | +3.0% |
| 1977 | 7,189 | +3.6% |
| 1978 | 7,234 | +0.6% |
| 1979 | 4,521 | -37.5% |
| 1980 | 4,619 | +2.2% |
| 1981 | 4,789 | +3.7% |
| 1982 | 4,832 | +0.9% |
| 1983 | 4,986 | +3.2% |
| 1984 | 5,006 | +0.4% |
| 1985 | 5,097 | +1.8% |
| 1986 | 5,260 | +3.2% |
| 1987 | 5,389 | +2.5% |
| 1988 | 5,256 | -2.5% |
| 1989 | -368 | -107.0% |
| 1990 | -2,660 | +622.8% |
| 1991 | -9,712 | +265.1% |
| 1992 | -38,391 | +295.3% |
| 1993 | -25,501 | -33.6% |
| 1994 | -17,984 | -29.5% |
| 1995 | -12,655 | -29.6% |
| 1996 | -10,540 | -16.7% |
| 1997 | -4,066 | -61.4% |
| 1998 | -3,296 | -18.9% |
| 1999 | 1,419 | -143.1% |
| 2000 | -3,083 | -317.3% |
| 2001 | -3,280 | +6.4% |
| 2002 | -2,889 | -11.9% |
| 2003 | -3,705 | +28.2% |
| 2004 | -3,681 | -0.6% |
| 2005 | -5,208 | +41.5% |
| 2006 | -5,351 | +2.7% |
| 2007 | -2,941 | -45.0% |
| 2008 | -2,034 | -30.8% |
| 2009 | -2,089 | +2.7% |
| 2010 | -3,781 | +81.0% |
| 2011 | -3,941 | +4.2% |
| 2012 | -3,674 | -6.8% |
| 2013 | -2,688 | -26.8% |
| 2014 | -674 | -74.9% |
| 2015 | 4,261 | -732.2% |
| 2016 | 1,081 | -74.6% |
| 2017 | 5,202 | +381.2% |
| 2018 | 7,089 | +36.3% |
| 2019 | 5,386 | -24.0% |
| 2020 | 3,694 | -31.4% |
| 2021 | 7,043 | +90.7% |
| 2022 | 39,754 | +464.4% |
| 2023 | 5,717 | -85.6% |
| 2024 | -7,742 | -235.4% |
| 2025 | -13,350 | +72.4% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's -13,350 is below the median for high income countries, which is 9,502. (42 countries reporting)
- Estonia's -13,350 is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 158. (52 countries reporting)
Biggest year-on-year movements
Years where Net migration in Estonia changed far more than this series normally does. A large move can be a real event or a change in how the figure was measured — the source note below says who published it.
| Year | Change | From | To |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015 | +732.2% | -674 | 4,261 |
| 1990 | -622.8% | -368 | -2,660 |
| 2022 | +464.4% | 7,043 | 39,754 |
| 2017 | +381.2% | 1,081 | 5,202 |
| 2000 | -317.3% | 1,419 | -3,083 |
| 1992 | -295.3% | -9,712 | -38,391 |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960s | 8,616 | 7,762 | 9,403 | 10 |
| 1970s | 6,469 | 4,521 | 7,234 | 10 |
| 1980s | 4,487 | -368 | 5,389 | 10 |
| 1990s | -12,339 | -38,391 | 1,419 | 10 |
| 2000s | -3,426 | -5,351 | -2,034 | 10 |
| 2010s | 826.1 | -3,941 | 7,089 | 10 |
| 2020s | 5,853 | -13,350 | 39,754 | 6 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More population data for Estonia
- Un population 2024 vs 2022, annual growth rate -0.6551 % change on previous year (2100)
- Population long run with projections, annual growth rate -0.6697 % change on previous year (2100)
- Urban and rural population 2050, annual growth rate -0.5636 % change on previous year (2050)
- Population regions with projections, annual growth rate -0.6697 % change on previous year (2100)
- Population growth rate, by level of development -0.7% (2100)
- Number of children under 5, by world region 30,706 people (2100)
- Population density 19.31 people per km² (2100)
- World population growth -0.7% (2100)
- Projected population under age 5, annual growth rate -0.3052 % change on previous year (2100)
- Urban and rural population 2050, per capita 0.288 units per person (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is net migration in Estonia?
- Net migration in Estonia was -13,350 in 2025, according to UNICEF.
- What is the highest net migration recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 39,754 in 2022.
- What is the lowest net migration recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was -38,391 in 1992.
- How does Estonia rank for net migration?
- Estonia ranks 53rd out of 74 countries with data for 2025.
- Is net migration rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 413.3%. The long-run trend across the full record is volatile.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from UNICEF, published as part of Net migration. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
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