Population in Estonia
Estonia: Population was 1.37 million people in 2023. ▲ Rising
Population in Estonia, 1950–2023
Source: UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data. Measured in people.
Analysis
Estonia recorded 1.37 million people for population in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is up 1.3% on the previous year and up 3.7% over ten years.
Over the whole period, population in Estonia peaked at 1.57 million people in 1990 and was at its lowest, 1.10 million people, in 1950.
That places Estonia 156th out of 236 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 74 years of available data.
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1950s | 1.16 million people | 1.10 million people | 1.21 million people | 10 |
| 1960s | 1.28 million people | 1.22 million people | 1.35 million people | 10 |
| 1970s | 1.42 million people | 1.36 million people | 1.47 million people | 10 |
| 1980s | 1.52 million people | 1.48 million people | 1.57 million people | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.48 million people | 1.40 million people | 1.57 million people | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.36 million people | 1.33 million people | 1.40 million people | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.32 million people | 1.31 million people | 1.33 million people | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.34 million people | 1.33 million people | 1.37 million people | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More population data for Estonia
- Population growth rate, by level of development -0.7% (2100)
- Number of children under 5, by world region 30,706 people (2100)
- Population density 19.31 people per km² (2100)
- World population growth -0.7% (2100)
- Total fertility rate vs. wanted fertility rate 1.18 births per woman (2024)
- Refugees by country of asylum 42,267 people (2024)
- Fertility rate vs. unmet need for contraception 1.18 births per woman (2024)
- Total fertility rate vs. contraceptive prevalence 1.18 births per woman (2024)
- Natural population growth rate -0.4% (2023)
- Fertility rate: births per woman 1.35 live births per woman (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is population in Estonia?
- Population in Estonia was 1.37 million people in 2023, according to UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest population recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 1.57 million people in 1990.
- What is the lowest population recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.10 million people in 1950.
- How does Estonia rank for population?
- Estonia ranks 156th out of 236 countries with data for 2023.
- Is population rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is up 3.7%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from UN, World Population Prospects (2024) – processed by Our World in Data, published as part of Population. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 74 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
The total population, measured on 1 July of the year shown.