Fertility rate, total (births per woman) (UNESCO Institute) in Estonia
Estonia: Fertility rate, total (births per woman) (UNESCO Institute) was 1.31 births per woman in 2023. ▼ Falling
Latest (2023)
1.31 births per woman
Change on year
down 7.1%
World rank
191st
of 215 countries
All-time high
2.27 births per woman
in 1987
All-time low
1.28 births per woman
in 1998
Years of data
54
1970–2023
Fertility rate, total in Estonia, 1970–2023
Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Measured in births per woman.
Analysis
The most recent figure for fertility rate, total in Estonia is 1.31 births per woman, measured in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 7.1% on the previous year and down 13.8% over ten years.
Over the whole period, fertility rate, total in Estonia peaked at 2.27 births per woman in 1987 and was at its lowest, 1.28 births per woman, in 1998.
Estonia ranks 191st of 215 countries on this measure, in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 54 years of available data.
Fertility rate, total (births per woman) (UNESCO Institute) in Estonia, year by year
| Year | births per woman | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 2.17 births per woman | — |
| 1971 | 2.19 births per woman | +0.9% |
| 1972 | 2.13 births per woman | -2.7% |
| 1973 | 2.06 births per woman | -3.3% |
| 1974 | 2.07 births per woman | +0.5% |
| 1975 | 2.04 births per woman | -1.4% |
| 1976 | 2.07 births per woman | +1.5% |
| 1977 | 2.06 births per woman | -0.5% |
| 1978 | 2.02 births per woman | -1.9% |
| 1979 | 2 births per woman | -1.0% |
| 1980 | 2.02 births per woman | +1.0% |
| 1981 | 2.07 births per woman | +2.5% |
| 1982 | 2.07 births per woman | +0.0% |
| 1983 | 2.16 births per woman | +4.3% |
| 1984 | 2.17 births per woman | +0.5% |
| 1985 | 2.13 births per woman | -1.8% |
| 1986 | 2.18 births per woman | +2.3% |
| 1987 | 2.27 births per woman | +4.1% |
| 1988 | 2.27 births per woman | +0.0% |
| 1989 | 2.22 births per woman | -2.2% |
| 1990 | 2.05 births per woman | -7.7% |
| 1991 | 1.8 births per woman | -12.2% |
| 1992 | 1.71 births per woman | -5.0% |
| 1993 | 1.49 births per woman | -12.9% |
| 1994 | 1.42 births per woman | -4.7% |
| 1995 | 1.38 births per woman | -2.8% |
| 1996 | 1.37 births per woman | -0.7% |
| 1997 | 1.32 births per woman | -3.6% |
| 1998 | 1.28 births per woman | -3.0% |
| 1999 | 1.3 births per woman | +1.6% |
| 2000 | 1.36 births per woman | +4.6% |
| 2001 | 1.32 births per woman | -2.9% |
| 2002 | 1.36 births per woman | +3.0% |
| 2003 | 1.37 births per woman | +0.7% |
| 2004 | 1.47 births per woman | +7.3% |
| 2005 | 1.52 births per woman | +3.4% |
| 2006 | 1.58 births per woman | +3.9% |
| 2007 | 1.69 births per woman | +7.0% |
| 2008 | 1.72 births per woman | +1.8% |
| 2009 | 1.7 births per woman | -1.2% |
| 2010 | 1.72 births per woman | +1.2% |
| 2011 | 1.61 births per woman | -6.4% |
| 2012 | 1.56 births per woman | -3.1% |
| 2013 | 1.52 births per woman | -2.6% |
| 2014 | 1.54 births per woman | +1.3% |
| 2015 | 1.58 births per woman | +2.6% |
| 2016 | 1.6 births per woman | +1.3% |
| 2017 | 1.59 births per woman | -0.6% |
| 2018 | 1.67 births per woman | +5.0% |
| 2019 | 1.66 births per woman | -0.6% |
| 2020 | 1.58 births per woman | -4.8% |
| 2021 | 1.61 births per woman | +1.9% |
| 2022 | 1.41 births per woman | -12.4% |
| 2023 | 1.31 births per woman | -7.1% |
Estonia compared with similar countries
- Estonia's 1.31 births per woman is below the median for high income countries, which is 1.49 births per woman, 88% of the median. (85 countries reporting)
- Estonia's 1.31 births per woman is below the median for Europe & Central Asia, which is 1.49 births per woman, 88% of the median. (56 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970s | 2.08 births per woman | 2 births per woman | 2.19 births per woman | 10 |
| 1980s | 2.16 births per woman | 2.02 births per woman | 2.27 births per woman | 10 |
| 1990s | 1.51 births per woman | 1.28 births per woman | 2.05 births per woman | 10 |
| 2000s | 1.51 births per woman | 1.32 births per woman | 1.72 births per woman | 10 |
| 2010s | 1.6 births per woman | 1.52 births per woman | 1.72 births per woman | 10 |
| 2020s | 1.48 births per woman | 1.31 births per woman | 1.61 births per woman | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More population data for Estonia
- Population regions with projections, annual growth rate -0.6697 % change on previous year (2100)
- Urban and rural population 2050, annual growth rate -0.5636 % change on previous year (2050)
- Population long run with projections, annual growth rate -0.6697 % change on previous year (2100)
- Un population 2024 vs 2022, annual growth rate -0.6551 % change on previous year (2100)
- Projected population under age 5, annual growth rate -0.3052 % change on previous year (2100)
- Population growth rate -0.677 (2100)
- Population density 19.31 (2100)
- Projected population under age 5 30,706 (2100)
- Population growth rate by level of development -0.677 (2100)
- Urbanization vs gdp, annual growth rate 0.0322 % change on previous year (2025)
Frequently asked questions
- What is fertility rate, total in Estonia?
- Fertility rate, total in Estonia was 1.31 births per woman in 2023, according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- What is the highest fertility rate, total recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 2.27 births per woman in 1987.
- What is the lowest fertility rate, total recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 1.28 births per woman in 1998.
- How does Estonia rank for fertility rate, total?
- Estonia ranks 191st out of 215 countries with data for 2023.
- Is fertility rate, total rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 13.8%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from UNESCO Institute for Statistics, published as part of Fertility rate, total (births per woman). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 54 observations, free to reuse under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO (UNESCO Institute for Statistics).
About this data
February 2026 Data Release