Population on 1 January by sex, country of birth and group of citizenship by country
Countries reporting
39
Highest
83.58 million Number
Germany
Lowest
40,886 Number
Liechtenstein
Median
5.64 million Number
Years covered
17
2009–2025
Data points
508
What the numbers show
Population on 1 January by sex, country of birth and group of citizenship is currently reported for 39 countries. The highest value is 83.58 million Number in Germany; the lowest is 40,886 Number in Liechtenstein.
The median across all reporting countries is 5.64 million Number, and the mean is 13.79 million Number.
The gap between the highest and lowest reporting country is a factor of about 2,044.
Over the past decade 22 countries rose and 14 fell. The largest increase was in Malta (up 30.9%), and the largest decrease in Bulgaria (down 8.4%).
Population on 1 January by sex, country of birth and group of: full country ranking
| # | Country | Latest | Year | 10-year change | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Germany | 83.58 million Number | 2025 | — | flat |
| 2 | France | 68.88 million Number | 2025 | up 2.4% | flat |
| 3 | Italy | 58.94 million Number | 2025 | down 2.2% | flat |
| 4 | Spain | 49.13 million Number | 2025 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 5 | Poland | 36.50 million Number | 2025 | down 4.1% | flat |
| 5 | Poland | 36.50 million Number | 2025 | down 4.1% | flat |
| 7 | Romania | 19.04 million Number | 2025 | — | flat |
| 8 | Netherlands | 18.04 million Number | 2025 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 8 | Netherlands | 18.04 million Number | 2025 | up 7.2% | rising |
| 10 | Belgium | 11.88 million Number | 2025 | up 5.8% | rising |
| 11 | Czechia | 10.91 million Number | 2025 | — | flat |
| 12 | Portugal | 10.75 million Number | 2025 | up 3.4% | flat |
| 13 | Sweden | 10.59 million Number | 2025 | up 8.6% | rising |
| 14 | Greece | 10.37 million Number | 2025 | down 4.1% | falling |
| 15 | Hungary | 9.54 million Number | 2025 | down 2.8% | flat |
| 16 | Austria | 9.20 million Number | 2025 | up 8.8% | rising |
| 17 | Switzerland | 9.05 million Number | 2025 | up 9.9% | rising |
| 18 | Bulgaria | 6.44 million Number | 2025 | down 8.4% | falling |
| 19 | Denmark | 5.99 million Number | 2025 | up 5.9% | rising |
| 20 | Finland | 5.64 million Number | 2025 | up 3.0% | flat |
| 21 | Norway | 5.59 million Number | 2025 | up 8.3% | rising |
| 22 | Ireland | 5.44 million Number | 2025 | up 18.5% | rising |
| 23 | Slovakia | 5.42 million Number | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 23 | Slovakia | 5.42 million Number | 2025 | down 0.0% | flat |
| 25 | Croatia | 3.87 million Number | 2025 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 25 | Croatia | 3.87 million Number | 2025 | down 7.3% | falling |
| 27 | Lithuania | 2.89 million Number | 2025 | down 1.2% | flat |
| 27 | Lithuania | 2.89 million Number | 2025 | down 1.2% | flat |
| 29 | Slovenia | 2.13 million Number | 2025 | up 3.3% | flat |
| 29 | Slovenia | 2.13 million Number | 2025 | up 3.3% | flat |
| 31 | Latvia | 1.86 million Number | 2025 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 31 | Latvia | 1.86 million Number | 2025 | down 6.3% | falling |
| 33 | Estonia | 1.37 million Number | 2025 | up 4.3% | flat |
| 33 | Estonia | 1.37 million Number | 2025 | up 4.3% | flat |
| 35 | Cyprus | 982,966 Number | 2025 | up 14.2% | rising |
| 36 | Luxembourg | 681,973 Number | 2025 | up 15.5% | rising |
| 37 | Malta | 574,250 Number | 2025 | up 30.9% | rising |
| 38 | Iceland | 389,444 Number | 2025 | up 17.1% | rising |
| 39 | Liechtenstein | 40,886 Number | 2025 | up 10.1% | rising |
Regions and income groups
Aggregates are excluded from the country ranking above so that a region can never outrank a country.
- European Union - 27 countries (from 2020) 449.31 million Number