Statizoid

Replacement-level fertility rate by country

The replacement-level fertility rate (the total fertility rate needed to keep the population size stable over time, without migration) is commonly stated to be 2.1. But the level can vary based on the sex ratio, child mortality rates, and other factors.

Countries reporting
193
Highest
2.71
Nigeria
Lowest
2.05
Reunion
Median
2.12
Years covered
61
1950–2010
Data points
1,393

What the numbers show

Replacement-level fertility rate is currently reported for 193 countries. The highest value is 2.71 in Nigeria; the lowest is 2.05 in Reunion.

The median across all reporting countries is 2.12, and the mean is 2.19.

Over the past decade 2 countries rose and 164 fell. The largest increase was in Vietnam (up 1.4%), and the largest decrease in Rwanda (down 16.7%).

Replacement-level fertility rate: full country ranking

#Country LatestYear 10-year changeTrend
1 Nigeria 2.71 2010 down 8.1% falling
2 Central African Republic 2.69 2010 down 9.4% falling
3 Chad 2.68 2010 down 6.3% falling
4 Sierra Leone 2.66 2010 down 15.0% falling
5 Cote d'Ivoire 2.6 2010 down 9.1% falling
6 Somalia 2.58 2010 down 5.8% falling
6 South Sudan 2.58 2010 down 7.5% falling
8 Mali 2.56 2010 down 9.9% falling
9 Burundi 2.53 2010 down 6.6% falling
10 Guinea-Bissau 2.51 2010 down 6.3% falling
11 Democratic Republic of Congo 2.48 2010 down 8.8% falling
11 Niger 2.48 2010 down 11.4% falling
13 Burkina Faso 2.47 2010 down 10.2% falling
13 Equatorial Guinea 2.47 2010 down 5.7% falling
15 Cameroon 2.46 2010 down 6.8% falling
15 Guinea 2.46 2010 down 10.2% falling
15 Mozambique 2.46 2010 down 8.6% falling
18 Benin 2.44 2010 down 4.7% falling
19 Lesotho 2.41 2010 down 10.1% falling
20 Togo 2.4 2010 down 7.0% falling
21 Djibouti 2.39 2010 down 5.2% falling
21 Liberia 2.39 2010 down 11.2% falling
21 Uganda 2.39 2010 down 7.7% falling
24 Eswatini 2.38 2010 down 11.9% falling
25 Angola 2.37 2010 down 12.9% falling
25 Ghana 2.37 2010 down 5.2% falling
25 Gambia 2.37 2010 down 4.8% falling
25 Haiti 2.37 2010 down 4.0% falling
29 Mauritania 2.36 2010 down 2.9% falling
29 Zambia 2.36 2010 down 11.9% falling
31 Afghanistan 2.35 2010 down 6.7% falling
32 Pakistan 2.34 2010 down 3.7% falling
33 Sudan 2.33 2010 down 4.1% falling
34 Comoros 2.32 2010 down 4.1% falling
34 Malawi 2.32 2010 down 12.5% falling
34 Zimbabwe 2.32 2010 down 11.8% falling
37 Ethiopia 2.31 2010 down 11.2% falling
38 Congo 2.29 2010 down 11.9% falling
38 India 2.29 2010 down 4.6% falling
38 Papua New Guinea 2.29 2010 down 1.7% falling
38 Yemen 2.29 2010 down 4.2% falling
42 Bolivia 2.28 2010 down 4.6% falling
42 Tanzania 2.28 2010 down 8.4% falling
44 Gabon 2.26 2010 down 5.4% falling
44 South Africa 2.26 2010 down 6.2% falling
46 Azerbaijan 2.25 2010 down 3.8% falling
46 Botswana 2.25 2010 down 14.1% falling
46 Eritrea 2.25 2010 down 7.8% falling
46 Laos 2.25 2010 down 5.9% falling
46 Madagascar 2.25 2010 down 5.1% falling
46 Rwanda 2.25 2010 down 16.7% falling
52 Kenya 2.24 2010 down 10.0% falling
52 Kiribati 2.24 2010 down 1.3% falling
52 Senegal 2.24 2010 down 8.6% falling
52 Sao Tome and Principe 2.24 2010 down 2.6% falling
56 Micronesia (country) 2.22 2010 down 1.3% falling
56 Namibia 2.22 2010 down 8.3% falling
56 East Timor 2.22 2010 down 6.3% falling
59 Bhutan 2.21 2010 down 4.3% falling
59 China 2.21 2010 down 1.8% falling
59 Myanmar 2.21 2010 down 3.5% falling
62 Iraq 2.19 2010 down 0.5% falling
62 Cambodia 2.19 2010 down 6.8% falling
62 Nepal 2.19 2010 down 5.2% falling
62 Solomon Islands 2.19 2010 down 4.8% falling
66 Armenia 2.18 2010 down 3.1% flat
66 Honduras 2.18 2010 down 0.5% falling
66 Tajikistan 2.18 2010 down 4.4% falling
66 Turkmenistan 2.18 2010 down 2.7% falling
66 Vietnam 2.18 2010 up 1.4% falling
71 Bangladesh 2.17 2010 down 4.4% falling
71 Guyana 2.17 2010 down 0.9% falling
71 Uzbekistan 2.17 2010 down 1.8% falling
71 Western Sahara 2.17 2010 down 4.4% falling
75 Guatemala 2.16 2010 down 1.8% falling
75 Indonesia 2.16 2010 down 1.8% falling
75 Paraguay 2.16 2010 down 0.9% falling
75 Suriname 2.16 2010 down 1.4% falling
79 Libya 2.15 2010 down 0.9% falling
79 Morocco 2.15 2010 down 2.3% falling
79 Philippines 2.15 2010 down 1.4% falling
79 North Korea 2.15 2010 down 1.4% falling
79 Vanuatu 2.15 2010 down 2.3% falling
84 Algeria 2.14 2010 down 2.3% falling
84 Egypt 2.14 2010 down 1.8% falling
84 Peru 2.14 2010 down 1.4% falling
84 Samoa 2.14 2010 down 1.4% falling
88 Dominican Republic 2.13 2010 down 0.9% falling
88 Ecuador 2.13 2010 down 1.4% falling
88 Fiji 2.13 2010 down 0.9% falling
88 Kyrgyzstan 2.13 2010 down 1.8% falling
88 Tonga 2.13 2010 down 0.5% falling
93 Albania 2.12 2010 down 1.4% falling
93 Colombia 2.12 2010 down 0.5% falling
93 Georgia 2.12 2010 down 3.2% falling
93 Jamaica 2.12 2010 down 0.9% falling
93 Jordan 2.12 2010 down 0.9% falling
93 Kazakhstan 2.12 2010 down 1.9% falling
93 Nicaragua 2.12 2010 down 1.4% falling
93 Palestine 2.12 2010 down 0.9% falling
93 El Salvador 2.12 2010 down 0.9% falling
93 Syria 2.12 2010 unchanged falling
93 Trinidad and Tobago 2.12 2010 down 0.9% falling
93 Turkey 2.12 2010 down 1.9% falling
93 Taiwan 2.12 2010 down 0.5% falling
106 Bahamas 2.11 2010 down 0.5% falling
106 Cape Verde 2.11 2010 down 0.5% falling
106 Iran 2.11 2010 down 1.9% falling
106 Maldives 2.11 2010 down 1.4% falling
106 Mexico 2.11 2010 unchanged falling
106 Mongolia 2.11 2010 down 2.3% falling
106 Panama 2.11 2010 down 0.5% falling
106 Thailand 2.11 2010 down 1.9% falling
106 Tunisia 2.11 2010 down 0.9% falling
115 Aruba 2.1 2010 down 0.5% falling
115 Belize 2.1 2010 down 0.9% falling
115 Brazil 2.1 2010 down 1.9% falling
115 Grenada 2.1 2010 down 0.5% falling
115 Moldova 2.1 2010 down 0.9% falling
115 Montenegro 2.1 2010 down 0.9% falling
115 Russia 2.1 2010 down 1.4% falling
115 Seychelles 2.1 2010 unchanged falling
115 Ukraine 2.1 2010 down 0.9% falling
115 Venezuela 2.1 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Argentina 2.09 2010 unchanged falling
125 Bulgaria 2.09 2010 down 0.9% falling
125 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Belarus 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Brunei 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Costa Rica 2.09 2010 unchanged falling
125 Curacao 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Cyprus 2.09 2010 unchanged falling
125 Guam 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 South Korea 2.09 2010 down 1.9% falling
125 Lebanon 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Saint Lucia 2.09 2010 down 0.9% falling
125 Sri Lanka 2.09 2010 down 0.9% falling
125 Latvia 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Mauritius 2.09 2010 unchanged falling
125 Malaysia 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 New Caledonia 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Oman 2.09 2010 down 1.4% falling
125 Romania 2.09 2010 down 0.9% falling
125 Saudi Arabia 2.09 2010 down 0.9% falling
125 Singapore 2.09 2010 unchanged falling
125 Uruguay 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
125 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.09 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Australia 2.08 2010 unchanged flat
148 Canada 2.08 2010 unchanged flat
148 Cuba 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Spain 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Greece 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Hong Kong 2.08 2010 unchanged falling
148 Croatia 2.08 2010 unchanged falling
148 Hungary 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Italy 2.08 2010 unchanged falling
148 Kuwait 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Lithuania 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 North Macedonia 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 New Zealand 2.08 2010 unchanged flat
148 Poland 2.08 2010 unchanged falling
148 Puerto Rico 2.08 2010 unchanged falling
148 Portugal 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 French Polynesia 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 Serbia 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
148 United States 2.08 2010 unchanged flat
148 French Guiana 2.08 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 United Arab Emirates 2.07 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 Austria 2.07 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 Belgium 2.07 2010 unchanged falling
170 Barbados 2.07 2010 down 1.0% falling
170 Switzerland 2.07 2010 unchanged flat
170 Chile 2.07 2010 unchanged falling
170 Czechia 2.07 2010 down 0.5% flat
170 Germany 2.07 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 Denmark 2.07 2010 unchanged flat
170 Estonia 2.07 2010 down 1.0% falling
170 Finland 2.07 2010 unchanged flat
170 France 2.07 2010 unchanged falling
170 United Kingdom 2.07 2010 unchanged flat
170 Iceland 2.07 2010 up 0.5% flat
170 Israel 2.07 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 Japan 2.07 2010 unchanged falling
170 Netherlands 2.07 2010 down 0.5% flat
170 Norway 2.07 2010 unchanged flat
170 Qatar 2.07 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 Slovakia 2.07 2010 down 0.5% falling
170 Slovenia 2.07 2010 unchanged falling
170 Sweden 2.07 2010 down 0.5% flat
194 Antigua and Barbuda 2.06 2010 down 1.0% falling
194 Bahrain 2.06 2010 down 1.0% falling
194 Macao 2.06 2010 down 0.5% falling
198 Reunion 2.05 2010 down 0.5% falling

About this data

Indicator
Replacement-level fertility rate
Source
Gietel-Basten and Scherbov (2020) – processed by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
199 places, 1,393 data points, 1950–2010
Last refreshed

The replacement-level fertility rate (the total fertility rate needed to keep the population size stable over time, without migration) is commonly stated to be 2.1. But the level can vary based on the sex ratio, child mortality rates, and other factors.